HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS: PERFORMANCE AND APPLICATIONS

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors present a unique platform for a variety of biotechnological applications. Their efficient design allows for {highyield and favorable environmental settings. The characteristics of the hollow fibers facilitates movement between the bioreactor's interior and the surrounding media, enabling optimized biomass producti

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) employing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising method for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency in removing both organic and inorganic pollutants. This article presents a detailed performance evaluation of PVDF membrane bioreactors, examining key parameters such as permeate qua